Interview with Counseling Experts: Answering Students' Questions About Counseling Trends

by Imed Bouchrika, PhD

Co-Founder and Chief Data Scientist

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Studying counseling leads to promising careers that pay well and offer much fulfillment to those with a penchant for helping and communicating with people. In addition, there is an immediate demand for some types of counselors, with 22.8% of adults in the United States having experienced mental illness. Only a limited share received the treatment and counseling they needed.

Aspirants should keep in mind that being skilled in diagnosis, treatment, and interventions is only a part of the job. Showing empathy and compassion, adapting to technology, and communicating well with patients are just as important.

To gather first-hand knowledge and valuable insights about counseling, I reached out to two seasoned experts in the field and picked their minds regarding different areas of the counseling profession. These include essential skills, the importance of practical experiences, and the role of technology in the practice. 

Experts We Interviewed

• Meredith Rausch, Ph.D.: Associate Professor of Education and Human Development, Augusta University
• Charles Figley, Ph.D.: Distinguished Chair in Disaster Mental Health, Tulane University

1. What key skills are essential for success in counseling today, and how can students develop these during their studies?
2. What role does technology play in modern counseling practices, and how can students stay updated with these advancements?
3. How important are internships and other practical experiences for counseling students, and what should they look for in a good internship opportunity?
4. What are the current trends and emerging areas of specialization in counseling that students should be aware of?
5. What advice would you give to counseling students about preparing for the transition from academia to the professional world?
6. What resources (such as workshops and community groups) should counseling students take advantage of to enhance their learning and exposure?
7. How effective is online counseling compared to in-person sessions?
8. What educational pathway best accelerates your counseling career?
9. What are cost-effective strategies to finance advanced counseling education?
10. What are the licensing and regulatory considerations for counselors?
11. How does an online associate's degree accredited provide a solid career foundation in counseling?
12. What online degree options can boost my counseling career?
13. What is the ROI of pursuing an advanced counseling degree?
14. How much do counselors make?
15. What is the job outlook of counselors?
16. What are the benefits of additional certifications and specialized training in counseling?

What key skills are essential for success in counseling today, and how can students develop these during their studies?

Counseling involves constant communication with patients and gaining trust to provide a safe space for them to open up. After this, they can eventually identify the root causes of the concerns and provide the best possible solutions. 

But these are just the basics. Our experts provide more nuance to the most critical competencies for the practice.

• Dr. Rausch: "On the academic side, students must learn counseling theory, ethics of counseling, multicultural aspects of counseling, developmental patterns, assessment, research methodology, diagnosis, crisis planning, and addictions studies. I believe students should find ways to apply their learning, through mentorship, research, or volunteerism [sic]. These methods of engagement can really solidify and help them understand how these concepts look in practice. On the personal side, students must learn themselves. Meaning, how have their own development and life experiences shaped their thoughts and behaviors? Students must use self-assessment throughout their time in the program to acknowledge and apply these concepts to their own thoughts and behaviors to see where they may over or under-identify with a client. They need to learn how to easily practice empathy and unconditional positive regard and discover their authentic selves so they can be congruent with clients."

The experts emphasize the importance of both technical and soft skills in counseling, especially communication and engagement. After all, counseling is intrinsically built on meaningful responses. This is reflected in the resumes of professional counselors. "The essential ingredients of a mental health practitioner are the skills of being empathic and compassionate, among other basic skills. Also, the counselor must know their role in the psychotherapy process which includes reviewing and renewing regularly the true purpose of the counseling enterprise," Dr. Figley expounds.

According to 2024 data from Zippia, the most common skills on the CVs of counselors in the United States are dealing with patients (12.9%), crisis intervention (11.8%), substance abuse therapy (11.8%), social work (10.1%), community resources (4.3%), CPR (3.7%), and family therapy (3.2%). The top skill is hinged on establishing trust, which paves the way for the most suitable courses of action.   

Constant practice is needed to master all the necessary skills, as believed by Dr. Rausch. "In order to gain these skills, students can attend their own personal therapy (always recommended), read books, watch videos, attend new experiences (particularly those which broaden their multicultural understanding), and truly engage in increasing their understanding of self in all areas," she explains.  

What role does technology play in modern counseling practices, and how can students stay updated with these advancements?

Generally, technological solutions are designed to make work faster, simpler, and have superior reach, and those for counseling are no exception. What matters for counselors is to know which solutions produce the best outcomes for their lines of work and how to use the platforms well. 

Dr. Figley puts it well. "For tech to play a role, the counselor must first be thoroughly familiar and comfortable with the technology and effective in its use."

Our other expert expounds on it further: 

• Dr. Rausch: "I think learning the ethics and best practices for telehealth will be important to upcoming counseling professionals. This has been a preferred mode since COVID for many individuals (important to note that many other individuals prefer face-to-face delivery [sic] of services), which can help us reach folks in rural areas or folks who have difficulty leaving the house due to myriad reasons (e.g., disability, mental health diagnosis, transportation). Generation Alpha will likely need assistance working through modes of communication, as they have been surrounded by [sic] technology their entire lives. This truly impacts their mental health in the ways they’ve been exposed to tech and the ways that have both improved and diminished their life experience. Understanding effective and safe uses of technology, as well as prevention of issues related to tech are important; we can provide psychoeducation to our clients regarding these areas of concern."

This is a good observation by Dr. Rausch regarding the younger generations' proclivity to rely on technology for communication rather than forging organic bonds in person. Counselors must exercise patience and establish points of connection with some young patients so that they would feel comfortable opening up. 

After all, according to 2023 data from Mental Health America, 20.17% of American youth (aged 12 to 17) experienced a major depressive episode in the past 12 months; 15% suffered impairment due to their mental condition; 11.5% experienced severe depression; and 6.34% suffer from substance abuse.  

How important are internships and other practical experiences for counseling students, and what should they look for in a good internship opportunity?

Practical experiences, including internships, play a pivotal role in counseling programs, including the cheapest online school counseling programs, as these simulate parts of the actual jobs of professionals. Students will be familiarized with what they will be doing after they graduate, enabling them to transition to their future jobs as counselors. 

Our experts weigh in on the subject: 

• Dr. Rausch: "Internships are imperative to student success in the field. A good internship opportunity incorporates effective supervision, and access to a number of counseling modalities (e.g., group therapy, crisis counseling, telehealth, psychoeducation, community outreach, grant work). Assessment, testing, and note writing are also important, as well as how to work effectively with diagnosis and managed care. Students should grow accustomed to collaboration and consultation during their internship opportunities, as these will help them immensely when they are out in the field."
• Dr. Figley: "Getting clinical experience is vital to a prepared counselor. This is especially true for those with expectations for complete success are uncertain. Clinical collaboration among students is also critical when they are in the internship stage, with or without supervision."

Adding to what our experts stated, students are advised to enroll in a program accredited by reputable organizations like the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (CACREP), Masters in Psychology and Counseling Accreditation Council (MPCAC), and regional accrediting bodies. 

According to its 2024 update, CACREP accredits more than 955 graduate and postgraduate programs across 463 postsecondary institutions. Aspiring students working with a tight budget might want to check the cheapest CACREP accredited programs online.

What are the current trends and emerging areas of specialization in counseling that students should be aware of?

Students of graduate counseling programs like online masters degrees in counseling are required to specialize in a specific knowledge area of the discipline, which they will practice as professionals. Although the high demand for counselors ensures graduates will not have too much trouble finding gainful employment, the competition for the best opportunities might require them to expand their competencies. 

Dr. Rausch gives her opinion on the matter: 

• Dr. Rausch: "I think students will need to specialize in several areas. The impact of technology on mental health and abuse will be important as will: spirituality in counseling, ways to increase the role of mental health clinicians in schools, addiction treatment, effective methods for disordered eating, and grief counseling. All of these areas are currently being researched or have been extensively researched, but our current methods could be improved."

The types of industries that a graduate should target depend on their specializations since each sector necessitates a particular counseling niche.

For instance, according to 2024 data from the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the industries that hire the largest shares of mental health, behavioral disorder, and substance abuse counselors and graduates of online addiction counseling degree programs are outpatient mental health centers (18%), individual and family services (15%), offices of other health practitioners (12%), hospitals (9%), and residential mental health and substance abuse facilities (9%).  

What advice would you give to counseling students about preparing for the transition from academia to the professional world?

Entering the professional realm can be a daunting task for some graduates. Compared to the classroom, the stakes are higher and the responsibilities greater. This is why hands-on activities and expanding one's network are crucial. 

"Attend conferences for counselors to meet as many other practitioners as possible," says Dr. Figley. In doing so, aspirants can widen their networks and learn of opportunities and best practices from their peers. This is also applicable to students of tangentially related degrees like Christian counseling master's programs.

Our other expert imparts a practical approach that graduates can apply. 

• Dr. Rausch: "There are two main areas to consider when leaving academia for the profession. First, trust your gut. There will be a time when [sic] you have imposter syndrome and doubt your education. This shows that you care about effectively helping your clients, and it is a feeling many folks experience. The second is that you should never stop learning. The first months out of a counseling program feel odd—students may question, “Shouldn’t I be reading something?” because they’re so accustomed to the busy nature of academia. Replacing all the reading and assignments with wellness and keeping up-to-date with the latest trends and research in the field are important, but wellness will best help new counselors maintain balance."  

Moreover, graduates can pursue certifications to beef up their qualifications and gain access to more opportunities. The most sought-after certifications include the following: National Certified Counselor (NCC), Certified Clinical Mental Health Counselor (CCMHC), and National Certified School Counselor (NCSC). 

What resources (such as workshops and community groups) should counseling students take advantage of to enhance their learning and exposure?

Counselors have access to a wealth of learning resources that they can leverage to enhance their knowledge and skillsets. As Dr. Figley previously mentioned, counseling students can attend conferences and connect with as many practitioners as possible. They can also attend workshops, join or establish communities, update themselves with new practices and tech solutions, and work with practitioners of related disciplines like students of LCSW masters programs to diversify their counseling skills and knowledge. 

Our expert from Augusta University points out some of the foremost options for counseling students:

• Dr. Rausch: "Joining a division of ACA can be very invigorating and effective. There are so many specialty areas and groups that [sic] can keep counselors in the loop with new ideas, but also provide them with a community of support. You can attend conferences to interact with other like-minded people—this can be such an energizing experience, and it leads to your CEUs that are necessary for licensure anyway. Sub-specialties like EMDR offer training, as do local mental health organizations. Learning about things like CASA, integrated care, pastoral counseling, Al-Anon or Narc-Anon are all ways to add layers to your understanding of clients. Our clients are multi-faceted individuals; anytime you can better understand them through these types of practices is helpful. Finally, we need to be able to empathize with our clients. This means consistent practice of our own therapy and learning. If you have a client who identifies with a certain religion, learn more about that religion. If a client loves Pokémon, learn about it and use it in session. Expanding our own worldview adds to our own enjoyment and understanding of life and increases our perspective-taking for our work with clients."

Dr. Rausch reminds counselors that patients are multifaceted individuals and not just a mere sum of their symptoms. The resources she mentioned help individuals gain a broader understanding of the human condition relative to one's peers, upbringing, and immediate environment. She also underscores the importance of empathy and understanding in effectively dealing with clients and patients. 

This is timely knowledge, considering the drastic increase in the number of individuals who partake in counseling sessions or mental health treatments over the past few years. According to 2023 data from SAMHSA, the number increased from 34.2 million in 2015 to 55.8 million in 2022.  

How effective is online counseling compared to in-person sessions?

Online counseling offers flexibility and accessibility, making it a convenient option for many seeking mental health support. Research indicates its effectiveness in treating conditions like anxiety, depression, and PTSD. Clients often appreciate the comfort and privacy of home-based therapy. However, possible limitations in nonverbal communication and potential technical difficulties can impact the therapeutic process.

Meanwhile, in-person counseling provides opportunities for deeper connections and comprehensive observation of nonverbal cues. The structured environment can enhance focus and commitment. Nevertheless, geographical, mobility, and scheduling constraints can limit access.

Online counseling has made strides to improve communication between counselor and client, with our two experts pointing out the importance of embracing technological solutions. As such, the outcomes have vastly improved. 

According to a 2024 report by CNET, 93% of online patients feel they can comfortably share information digitally as they would in a face-to-face session. The survey also showed that 96% of online patients were satisfied with the counseling they received, while 85% comfortably communicated online. 

What educational pathway best accelerates your counseling career?

Choosing an efficient educational route can significantly shorten the time to enter the counseling profession while providing essential foundational knowledge. Accelerated academic programs, such as 1 year associate degree programs online, offer a streamlined curriculum designed to equip students with the core competencies required for entry-level positions. These programs emphasize practical learning, flexible scheduling, and early exposure to counseling principles, allowing aspiring counselors to rapidly progress to advanced studies or certification. Evaluating accreditation, curriculum structure, and support services within these programs is critical to ensure a smooth transition into more specialized or graduate-level training.

What are cost-effective strategies to finance advanced counseling education?

Prospective counselors must plan strategically to balance quality education with financial sustainability. Options include applying for scholarships, grants, and employer tuition assistance while exploring flexible online programs that offer competitive curricula at reduced costs. Furthermore, pursuing affordable graduate certificate programs can build specialized expertise without the burden of high expenses. Evaluating institutional aid and local funding opportunities can further support access to advanced counseling education and ongoing professional development.

What are the licensing and regulatory considerations for counselors?

Licensing standards for counselors are stringent and vary across jurisdictions, requiring candidates to complete accredited degree programs and pass state-specific exams. Regulatory oversight generally involves background checks, rigorous ethical guidelines, and mandatory continuing education to ensure ongoing professional competency. Familiarity with these requirements not only safeguards client trust but also enhances career longevity and mobility. In some cases, pursuing specialized accreditations can further open pathways to high paying certificate jobs.

How does an online associate's degree accredited provide a solid career foundation in counseling?

An online associate's degree accredited can serve as an essential stepping stone in building a successful counseling career. This foundational program enables students to develop core communication, critical thinking, and ethical decision-making skills that are vital for effective client support. It also familiarizes emerging professionals with the basics of mental health theories and interventions, bridging the gap between academic learning and real-world practice. By meeting industry standards early on, graduates enhance their eligibility for internships and advanced training opportunities, thereby positioning themselves competitively in a dynamic job market.

What online degree options can boost my counseling career?

Online education can expedite entry into the counseling profession by offering flexible, focused programs that align academic rigor with career advancement. Institutions now provide efficient pathways, including accelerated associate and master’s degree programs, which are designed to develop core therapeutic and analytical competencies while accommodating diverse schedules. Researching these programs is critical to ensuring they deliver both industry-recognized credentials and practical applications in real-world settings. For streamlined program comparisons and to explore alternatives that combine affordability with career potential, review what degrees can I get online. Evaluating factors such as program accreditation, curriculum relevance, and support services is essential for securing a competitive edge in the evolving counseling landscape.

What is the ROI of pursuing an advanced counseling degree?

Evaluating the return on investment for an advanced counseling degree involves examining both direct financial gains and broader career benefits. Prospective students should analyze program costs against potential salary increases, promotion opportunities, and enhanced professional credibility. In particular, programs designed for rapid completion—such as accelerated online masters degrees—can offer a competitive edge by reducing time-to-degree and quickly equipping candidates with specialized competencies. This analysis supports informed decision-making and helps ensure that further education aligns with long-term career objectives and market demand.

How much do counselors make?

According to 2024 data from the BLS, the median annual salary of a professional counselor ranges from around $40,000 to more than $60,000, depending on one's specialization. In terms of average annual salary, genetic counselors take home $98,130; marriage and family therapists get $68,730; school counselors earn $66,990; mental health, substance abuse, and behavioral disorder counselors make $60,080; counselors (all other types) receive $52,360; and rehabilitation counselors gain $48,430. 

It is important to note that counselor salaries may differ per industry, based on a specialization's demand. For instance, mental health counselors earn an average annual salary of $94,050 from business and professional organizations, higher than they would normally receive in other industries.   

What is the job outlook of counselors?

Counselors generally have a high demand in the professional realm, given that people have been taking mental health concerns more seriously in the past few years. Graduates of counseling programs will not likely have too many problems finding jobs. 

Data from the BLS shows remarkable employment growth for most counselor types from 2022 to 2032:

• Substance Abuse, Behavioral Disorder, and Mental Health Counselors: 18%
• Genetic Counselors: 16%
• Marriage and Family Therapists: 15%
• School and Career Counselors and Advisors: 5%
• Rehabilitation Counselors: 2%

From 2022 to 2032, annual job openings are highest for mental health, substance abuse, and behavioral disorder counselors, with 42,000 positions available. They are followed by school and career counselors with 26,600 openings, rehabilitation counselors with 6,700, marriage and family therapists with 5,900, and genetic counselors with 300.

What are the benefits of additional certifications and specialized training in counseling?

Pursuing targeted certifications and specialized training can distinguish professionals in a competitive counseling landscape while broadening their expertise in complex intervention strategies. These advanced credentials not only highlight a commitment to continuous learning and ethical practice but also equip counselors with specialized techniques that enhance treatment outcomes. For instance, individuals interested in behavioral analysis can expand their competencies through programs such as BCBA online programs, which offer flexible, evidence-based learning paths. Embracing additional certifications fosters professional credibility and prepares practitioners for leadership roles in increasingly diverse therapeutic settings.

A Balance of Skill and a Good Attitude

Counseling is a deeply rewarding profession that offers the opportunity to profoundly impact people's lives. Witnessing clients overcome challenges and achieve personal growth is incredibly fulfilling.

To excel in this field, as discussed by our two experts, students should cultivate empathy, active listening, and strong communication skills. A solid theoretical foundation coupled with practical experience through internships is crucial. Continuous learning, self-reflection, and the adaptability to leverage modern solutions are essential for professional growth. Prioritizing self-care is also vital to maintain personal well-being and effectiveness as a counselor.

More Information About The Experts We Interviewed:

Dr. Rausch specializes in research on underserved populations, particularly LGBTQ+ individuals and women, focusing on mentorship. She earned her Ph.D. in Counselor Education from the University of Iowa in 2015 and holds multiple certifications, including National Certified Counselor. Dr. Rausch has received several awards, such as the Golden Pen Award and the Excellence Award from Augusta University. Her recent publications cover topics like Generation Alpha students, foster care, and support for lesbian couples navigating fertility. She actively participates in various departmental, college, university, and professional service roles, including committee memberships and editorial review boards.

Charles Figley, Ph.D.

Dr. Figley serves as the Distinguished Chair in Disaster Mental Health, Associate Dean for Research, and professor at Tulane University. A Marine Corps veteran and pioneer in trauma research, he has published over 160 journal articles and 25 books. Dr. Figley is the founding editor of several scholarly journals and book series. He has a passion for social justice, especially for underserved populations, dedicating a part of his career to helping trauma survivors, including war veterans and disaster victims. He holds graduate degrees from Pennsylvania State University and an undergraduate degree from the University of Hawaii. He and his wife, Dr. Kathleen Regan Figley, are actively involved in research and social causes while caring for their four grandchildren.

References: 

1. BLS (2024, April 3). 21-1012 Educational, Guidance, and Career Counselors and Advisors. BLS
2. BLS (2024, April 3). 21-1013 Marriage and Family Therapists. BLS
3. BLS (2024, April 3). 21-1015 Rehabilitation Counselors. BLS
4. BLS (2024, April 3). 21-1018 Substance Abuse, Behavioral Disorder, and Mental Health Counselors. BLS
5. BLS (2024, April 3). 21-1019 Counselors, All Other. BLS
6. BLS (2024, April 3). 29-9092 Genetic Counselors. BLS
7. BLS (2024, April 17). Genetic Counselors. BLS
8. BLS (2024, April 17). Marriage and Family Therapists. BLS
9. BLS (2024, April 17). Rehabilitation Counselors. BLS
10. BLS (2024, April 17). School and Career Counselors and Advisors. BLS
11. BLS (2024, April 17). Substance Abuse, Behavioral Disorder, and Mental Health Counselors. BLS
12. Kosecki, D. & Rendall, J. (2024, June 14). Online Therapy vs. In-Person: What You Should Know. CNET
13. Mental Health America (2023). Youth Ranking 2023. Mental Health America
14. National Alliance on Mental Illness (2023, April). Mental Health By the Numbers. National Alliance on Mental Illness
15. SAMHSA (2023, November). Number of U.S. adults who received mental health treatment or counseling in the past year from 2002 to 2022. SAMHSA
16. Zippia (2024, June 25). COUNSELOR SKILLS FOR YOUR RESUME AND CAREER. Zippia