2026 Most Valuable Logistics Degree Programs Ranking in the USA Territories

What can I expect from a Logistics degree in the USA Territories ?

A Logistics degree in the USA Territories provides students with a comprehensive understanding of the logistics process, including supply chain management, transportation, warehousing, and distribution. For instance, graduates from the University of Puerto Rico's Logistics program have reported gaining a solid foundation in areas such as inventory management, procurement, and logistics information systems, which has enabled them to make strategic decisions and integrate technology and data-driven solutions in their careers. Some of the key aspects of Logistics degree programs in the USA Territories include:

• A broad range of topics that provide students with a solid foundation for careers in this dynamic field, as seen in the curriculum of the University of Guam's Logistics program
• Opportunities for students to develop skills in problem-solving, critical thinking, and analytical reasoning, which are essential for identifying and mitigating risks in the supply chain, as noted by graduates from the Northern Marianas College's Logistics program
• Hands-on experience with logistics information systems, transportation management, and warehouse operations, which prepares students for the demands of the industry, as observed in the internships and co-op programs offered by the University of the Virgin Islands' Logistics department

Many graduates of Logistics degree programs in the USA Territories have gone on to find employment in various sectors, with some working as logistics managers, supply chain analysts, or procurement specialists. For example, a graduate from the University of Puerto Rico's Logistics program landed a job as a transportation manager at a major shipping company, where they were responsible for coordinating the movement of goods across the territory. Others have found work in industries such as manufacturing, retail, or government, where they apply their knowledge of logistics and supply chain management to improve efficiency and reduce costs.Some of the career paths available to Logistics degree holders in the USA Territories include:

• Logistics manager, responsible for overseeing the movement of goods and supplies
• Supply chain analyst, tasked with analyzing data to optimize logistics operations
• Procurement specialist, responsible for sourcing and purchasing materials and supplies
• Transportation manager, responsible for coordinating the movement of goods and people
• Warehouse manager, responsible for overseeing the storage and distribution of goods

The field of logistics offers a range of roles, and the specific career path chosen may depend on interests, skills, and experience. Many Logistics degree holders in the USA Territories have reported feeling a sense of satisfaction and fulfillment in their careers, as they are able to use their skills to find solutions to problems that arise in the supply chain and recommend adjustments to business operations to minimize disruptions. As one graduate from the University of Guam's Logistics program noted, "I love the challenge of finding creative solutions to logistics problems, and I feel proud to be contributing to the smooth operation of the supply chain." With the median annual wage for logisticians in the USA Territories being around $79,400, and employment in this field projected to grow 19 percent from 2023 to 2033, the prospects for Logistics degree holders in the territory are indeed promising.

Where can I work with a Logistics degree?

With a Logistics degree from a reputable university in the USA Territories, such as the University of Puerto Rico or the University of Guam, graduates can expect to work in a diverse range of industries and roles. For instance, many graduates have found employment in manufacturing companies, where they work as supply-chain managers, overseeing the entire supply chain, including purchasing, warehousing, inventory, and production. As one graduate from the University of Puerto Rico recalled, "I was able to apply the concepts I learned in my Logistics program to streamline the supply chain of a major manufacturing company, resulting in significant cost savings and improved efficiency."

Some of the typical jobs that Logistics degree holders can expect to work in include:

• Manufacturing companies, where they can work as supply-chain managers or inventory managers
• Carriers such as UPS, FedEx, and USPS, where they can work as international logistics managers or operations managers
• Purchasing departments, where they can work as purchasing managers or procurement specialists
• Companies that specialize in transportation and logistics, such as freight forwarders or third-party logistics providers, where they can work as logistics coordinators or supply chain analysts
• Customer service teams, where they can work as customer service representatives or team leaders, utilizing their knowledge of logistics to better serve clients.Graduates from universities such as the University of the Virgin Islands or the Northern Marianas College have also found employment in top industries for logisticians, including the federal government, manufacturing, business management, professional services, and wholesale trade, with median annual salaries ranging from $72,200 to $95,890. As another graduate noted, "My Logistics degree from the University of the Virgin Islands opened doors to a wide range of career opportunities, and I was able to choose a role that aligned with my interestsand skills."

Many Logistics degree holders have also reported feeling a sense of fulfillment and satisfaction in their careers, as they are able to apply their knowledge and skills to make a positive impact on businesses and organizations. For example, a graduate from the University of Guam mentioned, "I love my job as a logistics coordinator because I get to work with a variety of stakeholders, from suppliers to customers, and help to streamline the supply chain and improve efficiency." With over 21,800 job openings for logisticians each year, graduates with a Logistics degree from a university in the USA Territories can expect to find employment in a variety of roles and industries, and can look forward to a rewarding and challenging career.

How much can I make with a Logistics degree in the USA Territories ?

As a Logistics degree graduate in the USA Territories, you can expect to earn a competitive salary in a field that is in high demand. For instance, graduates from the University of Puerto Rico's Logistics program have reported feeling excited and relieved when they landed jobs as Customs Brokers, with a mean annual wage of $59,200 and a mean hourly wage of $28.46. This is a significant advantage, as it allows them to pay off student loans and start building a secure financial future. Many graduates have expressed their satisfaction with their salary, citing it as a major factor in their decision to pursue a Logistics degree. Some of the key benefits of a Logistics degree in terms of salary include:

• A mean annual wage of $59,200 for Customs Brokers, which is a significant earning potential for graduates
• A mean hourly wage of $28.46 for Customs Brokers, which translates to a comfortable lifestyle
• Opportunities for advancement and salary growth as you gain experience and take on more responsibilities
• The ability to work in a variety of industries, including transportation, supply chain management, and international trade, which can lead to a sense of fulfillment and job satisfaction.Graduates from universities such as the University of Guam's Logistics program have also reported feeling proud and accomplished when they started their careers, knowing that they had the skills and knowledge to succeed in a competitive job market. By pursuing a Logistics degree in the USA Territories, you can set yourself up for a successful and rewarding career, with a salary that reflects your skills and expertise.

How long does it take to complete a Logistics degree in the USA Territories ?

Completing a Logistics degree in the USA Territories can take anywhere from two to six years, depending on the level of degree pursued. For instance, an Associate's degree in Logistics from the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez can be completed in two years, providing students with a solid foundation in supply chain management, transportation, and logistics operations. On the other hand, a Bachelor's degree in Logistics from the University of Guam can take four years to complete, offering a more comprehensive curriculum that includes courses in global logistics, logistics analytics, and supply chain strategy. Some popular universities in the USA Territories, such as the University of the Virgin Islands, also offer Master's degree programs in Logistics that can be completed in two years, providing advanced training in logistics management, supply chain optimization, and transportation systems.

Some key factors to consider when pursuing a Logistics degree in the USA Territories include:

• The type of degree being pursued (Associate's, Bachelor's, or Master's)
• The institution's accreditation and reputation
• The curriculum and course offerings
• The availability of internships and job placement opportunities
• The cost of tuition and living expensesFor example, graduates from the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez have gone on to work for major logistics companies in the region, such as Crowley Maritime Corporation and SeaLand, with starting salaries ranging from $50,000 to over $70,000 per year. Similarly, graduates from the University of Guam have found employment with companies like Matson Navigation and Horizon Lines, with median salaries around $60,000 per year. These success stories demonstrate the transformative power of education in the field of Logistics, and the numerous opportunities available to students who pursue their passions in this field. By studying Logistics in the USA Territories, students can gain the knowledge, skills, and expertiseneeded to succeed in this exciting and rapidly evolving field, and make a meaningful impact in their communities and beyond.

What’s the difference between online and on-campus Logistics degree?

The difference between online and on-campus Logistics degree programs in the USA Territories is a crucial consideration for prospective students, as it can significantly impact their learning experience and career outcomes. For instance, graduates from the University of Puerto Rico's online Logistics program have reported feeling more flexible and autonomous in their studies, as they can complete coursework on their own schedule, which is particularly beneficial for working professionals or those with family commitments. In contrast, on-campus programs at universities like the University of Guam or Northern Marianas College offer face-to-face interactions with instructors and peers, which can foster a sense of community and networking opportunities. Some key benefits of online Logistics degree programs include:

• Flexibility in scheduling and pacing
• Accessibility from anywhere with a stable internet connection
• Often lower tuition fees compared to traditional on-campus programs
• Self-directed learning, which can enhance time management and discipline skillsOn the other hand, on-campus Logistics degree programs offer advantages such as:
• Hands-on training and experiential learning opportunities
• Direct access to faculty and industry experts
• Campus resources, including libraries, career services, and state-of-the-art facilities
• Opportunities for internships, job shadowing, and other forms of practical experienceFor example, a graduate from the University of the Virgin Islands' on-campus Logistics program secured an internship with a major shipping company, which led to a full-time job offer upon graduation. This highlights the value of on-campus programs in providing students with tangible, real-world experiences that can give them a competitive edge in the job market. With the growing demand for logistics professionals in the USA Territories, students can feel confident and excited about their career prospects, whether they choose an online or on-campusLogistics degree program. By considering factors such as learning style, career goals, and personal circumstances, students can make an informed decision that sets them up for success in this dynamic and rewarding field.

What is the average cost of a Logistics degree in the USA Territories ?

The cost of pursuing a logistics degree in the USA Territories can be a significant investment, with the median out-of-state private tuition for logistics, materials, and supply management degrees reported to be $35,262 in 2021. For instance, graduates from the University of Puerto Rico's College of Business Administration, which offers a reputable Logistics program, have shared that the total cost of their degree was a crucial factor in their decision-making process. Some key factors to consider when estimating the cost of a logistics degree in the USA Territories include tuition and fees, which can vary substantially between institutions, and living expenses and commuting costs, which can be mitigated by online programs. The logistics degree cost in USA is an essential consideration for prospective students.

Many graduates from universities such as the University of the Virgin Islands, which offers a strong Logistics program, have reported that the cost of their degree was worth the investment, given the rewarding career opportunities and strong compensation that followed. For example, some graduates have gone on to work as supply chain managers, earning median annual wages of $99,200, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. By researching and comparing the costs of different Logistics degree programs, prospective students can make an informed decision about their educational investment and set themselves up for success in this exciting and in-demand field. It's also worth noting that the average logistics degree tuition fees USA Territories can vary significantly, and students should take this into account when choosing a program.

In addition to considering the cost of a logistics degree, prospective students may also want to explore other educational opportunities, such as finance. For those interested in pursuing a master's degree in finance, there are many online programs available, including the fastest online master's infinance. By weighing the costs and benefits of different degree programs, students can make an informed decision about their educational investment and set themselves up for success in their chosen field.

What financial aid is available to Logistics degree students in the USA Territories ?

Financial aid is a crucial aspect of pursuing a Logistics degree in the USA Territories, and fortunately, numerous options are available to support students in their academic endeavors. A significant 93% of students receive financial assistance, demonstrating the wide range of available options. For instance, Federal Direct Unsubsidized Loans provide up to $10,250 per semester, with interest accruing immediately and repayment terms that can be deferred while enrolled at least half-time. Some graduates have reported receiving substantial financial aid packages from popular universities, such as the University of Puerto Rico, which offers institutional scholarships to deserving students. These scholarships can be a significant relief for students, as one graduate recalled, "Receiving a scholarship from my university was a huge weight off my shoulders, and it allowed me to focus on my studies without worrying about the financial burden."

The types of financial aid available to Logistics students in the USA Territories include:

• Federal Pell Grants, which offer need-based grants to eligible students
• Federal Direct Loans, which provide low-interest loans to help students cover educational expenses
• Institutional scholarships, awarded by colleges and universities to deserving students
• Private scholarships, offered by organizations and companies
• Discretionary funding from the Office of Insular Affairs, which can be used to support students pursuing Logistics degrees. For example, the University of Guam offers specialized scholarships to students with outstanding academic and leadership merit and financial need. Some graduates have reported receiving these scholarships, which have enabled them to pursue their Logistics degree without significant financial hardship. As one graduate noted, "The scholarship I received from the University of Guam was a game-changer, and it allowed me to pursue my passion for Logistics without breaking the bank."

To determine theireligibility for these aid programs, students can complete the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). By exploring these options, students can make their Logistics degree more affordable and achievable, and the high percentage of students receiving financial aid suggests that there are numerous opportunities for students to secure funding for their education. Many graduates have reported feeling a sense of relief and gratitude upon receiving financial aid, which has enabled them to pursue their career goals in Logistics with confidence and enthusiasm.

What are the prerequisites For enrolling in a Logistics program in the USA Territories ?

To enroll in a Logistics program in the USA Territories, you typically need to meet specific prerequisites, which may vary depending on the institution and the level of degree you're pursuing. For instance, to apply for a Bachelor's degree in Logistics at the University of Puerto Rico, you'll need to have a high school diploma or equivalent, with a minimum GPA of 2.5, and submit scores from the SAT or ACT exams. Some colleges, like the University of the Virgin Islands, may also require letters of recommendation and a personal statement. As I've seen from my experience, many graduates from these programs have gone on to successful careers, with some even starting their own logistics companies. For example, one graduate from the University of Guam's Logistics program recalled that the prerequisite courses in business and mathematics helped them develop a strong foundation in supply chain management, which they now apply in their role as a logistics coordinator.

Some common prerequisites for Logistics programs in the USA Territories include:

• A minimum GPA of 2.0-3.0, depending on the institution
• Completion of prerequisite courses in business, mathematics, and computer science
• Submission of standardized test scores, such as the SAT or ACT
• Letters of recommendation and a personal statement, in some cases
• Proof of English proficiency, for international studentsAs I've gathered from talking to graduates, these prerequisites are designed to ensure that students have a solid understanding of the fundamentals of logistics and supply chain management. For instance, a graduate from the Northern Marianas College's Logistics program mentioned that the prerequisite course in transportation management helped them understand the complexities of global supply chains, which they now navigate with ease in their role as a logistics analyst. With the right prerequisites in place, you'll be well on your way to a successful and rewarding career in logistics, with opportunitiesto work in a variety of industries, from manufacturing to healthcare. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, employment of logisticians is projected to grow 10% from 2020 to 2030, faster than the average for all occupations, making it an exciting time to pursue a degree in this field.

What courses are typically in a Logistics program in the USA Territories ?

Courses in a Logistics program in the USA Territories typically include a combination of core and elective courses that provide students with a comprehensive understanding of the logistics industry. For instance, at the University of Puerto Rico, logistics students can expect to take courses such as Supply Chain Management, Transportation Systems, and Logistics Analytics, which provide a solid foundation in the principles of logistics. According to data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, logistics graduates with a strong understanding of supply chain management and analytics are in high demand, with employment opportunities expected to grow 10% from 2020 to 2030. Some of the key courses that logistics students in the USA Territories can expect to take include:

• Global Logistics and Supply Chain Management
• Warehousing and Inventory Management
• Transportation Management
• Logistics Information Systems
• International Trade and LogisticsGraduates of logistics programs in the USA Territories have reported that courses such as Supply Chain Management and Logistics Analytics have been particularly valuable in their careers, as they have provided them with the skills and knowledge to analyze complex logistics systems and develop effective solutions. For example, a graduate of the University of the Virgin Islands' logistics program reported that the course in Transportation Systems helped them to understand the intricacies of logistics operations and to develop a career as a logistics coordinator with a major shipping company. Similarly, a graduate of the University of Guam's logistics program noted that the course in Logistics Information Systems provided them with the technical skills to manage logistics systems and to analyze logistics data, which has been essential in their role as a logistics analyst. With the average salary for logistics graduates in the USA Territories ranging from $50,000 to over $80,000 per year, depending on the specific job and location,it is clear that a logistics degree can provide a strong foundation for a successful and rewarding career.

What types of specializations are available in a Logistics program in the USA Territories ?

When pursuing a logistics degree in the US Territories, students can choose from a diverse range of specializations that cater to the various needs of the industry, making them more competitive in the job market. Some of the available specializations include:

• Supply Chain Management, which involves coordinating and managing activities involved in the production and delivery of products
• Transportation Management, focusing on planning, coordinating, and executing the movement of goods and people
• Inventory Management, which involves managing stock levels, inventory control, and supply chain optimization
• Procurement and Sourcing, focusing on acquiring goods and services from suppliers
• Logistics Analysis and Planning, which involves using data and analytics to optimize logistics operations
• Production Logistics, dealing with managing production processes, plant distribution, and operations scheduling
• Storage and Warehousing, involving managing storage facilities, inventory control, and warehouse operations. For instance, graduates from the University of Puerto Rico's Logistics program have reported that specializing in Supply Chain Management has given them a competitive edge in the job market, with many landing jobs at top logistics companies in the US Territories. Similarly, students from the University of Guam's Logistics program have found that specializing in Transportation Management has provided them with a deep understanding of the complexities of logistics operations, making them more attractive to potential employers. This is particularly relevant for students interested in logistics degree programs in USA.

The decision to pursue a bachelor's degree in Logistics is often determined by factors such as attitude, subjective norm, perceived difficulty, job opportunities, job starting salary, and genuine interest, as noted in a recent study. Many students who initially pursue a sub-degree in Logistics often decide to continue their education andpursue a bachelor's degree due to the promising career opportunities and job prospects. For example, some graduates from the Northern Marianas College's Logistics program have reported that their specialization in E-Commerce Supply Chain and Logistics Management has allowed them to work with top e-commerce companies in the US Territories, managing the flow of goods and ensuring timely delivery to customers. Others have found that specializing in Fashion Supply Chain and Logistics Management has given them the opportunity to work with fashion brands, sourcing materials and delivering goods to customers quickly and efficiently. Some popular specializations in Logistics programs in the US Territories include Supply Chain Management, Transportation Management, and Logistics Analysis and Planning, which have been shown to be in high demand by employers in the industry, and are often considered key logistics specializations in US territories.

Some Logistics programs in the US Territories also offer specializations in specific industries, such as:

• Fashion Supply Chain and Logistics Management, which focuses on sourcing materials and delivering goods in the fashion industry
• E-Commerce Supply Chain and Logistics Management, dealing with the challenges of online sales and getting orders to customers quickly
• Automotive Supply Chain and Logistics Management, involving re-shoring material sources and re-inventing factories for electric vehicle production
• Aerospace Supply Chain and Logistics Management, requiring secure sourcing arrangements and dealing with sensitive, high-tech materials
• Energy Supply Chain and Logistics Management, involving procuring materials for production, overseeing refining and delivery, and managing grids and networks
• Technology Logistics and Supply Chain Management, requiring expertise in managing global supply chains with exotic materials and super-fine tolerances for quality and speed. These specializations demonstrate the breadth ofoptions available to students pursuing a Logistics degree in the US Territories, allowing them to gain a deep understanding of the logistics industry and develop skills and knowledge required to succeed in their chosen career path. Many graduates have reported that these specializations have provided them with a sense of excitement and fulfillment, as they are able to apply their knowledge and skills to real-world problems and make a positive impact on the industry. For working professionals looking to transition into a new field, a digital marketing degree for working professionals can also be a viable option, providing them with the skills and knowledge needed to succeed in the digital marketing industry.

How do you choose the best Logistics degree program in the USA Territories ?

When selecting a logistics degree program in the USA Territories, it is essential to consider several key factors to ensure a successful and rewarding educational experience. The program's curriculum and specializations, such as supply chain management and transportation management, are crucial in providing students with the necessary skills and knowledge to succeed in the logistics industry. For instance, graduates of logistics degree programs in the USA Territories have reported median starting salaries ranging from $59,200 to $77,000 per year, highlighting the potential for strong career prospects. Some key factors to consider when choosing a logistics degree program include the reputation of the institution and the program's accreditation, which can impact job prospects and earning potential. Students looking for the best logistics degree programs in USA should research and evaluate these factors carefully.

The cost of the program, including tuition fees and living expenses, with the average cost ranging from $20,000 to $50,000 per year, is another important consideration. The location and format of the program, whether online or on-campus, with online programs offering flexibility and convenience, and on-campus programs providing hands-on experience and networking opportunities, should also be taken into account. Feedback from current students and graduates, which can provide valuable insights into the program's strengths and weaknesses, is also crucial. Additionally, the availability of specializations, such as maritime logistics and global supply chain management, which can provide students with a competitive edge in the industry, should be considered. Logistics degree programs in United States territories often offer a range of specializations, allowing students to tailor their education to their career goals.

The integration of emerging technologies, such as blockchain, can also enhance the logistics industry, providing traceability, transparency, andsecurity, while reducing costs and enhancing collaboration among stakeholders. For example, a graduate of a logistics program at a university in the USA Territories recalled how their program's focus on blockchain technology helped them secure a job at a major port logistics company, where they were able to apply their knowledge to improve operations and management. This experience highlights the importance of considering the program's curriculum and specializations when choosing a logistics degree program. By weighing these factors and considering the potential benefits of emerging technologies, students can make informed decisions and set themselves up for success in the logistics industry. For those interested in learning more about business education, visiting the website of a North Carolina business school faculty can provide valuable insights and information.

What career paths are available For Logistics graduates in the USA Territories ?

Graduates of Logistics degree programs in the USA Territories have a wide range of career paths available to them, with many opportunities for advancement and professional growth. Some of the key career paths available to Logistics graduates in the USA Territories include:

• Supply Chain Management, where they can work on designing, planning, and optimizing supply chain operations for companies such as those in the manufacturing or retail industries
• Logistics and Transportation Management, where they can oversee the movement of goods and products from one place to another, ensuring timely and efficient delivery
• Operations Management, where they can manage and coordinate the day-to-day activities of an organization, such as a hospital or a warehouse
• Procurement and Sourcing, where they can work on acquiring goods and services from suppliers, negotiating contracts and ensuring quality control
• Inventory Management, where they can manage and control the flow of goods and products within an organization, minimizing waste and maximizing efficiency. These logistics degree jobs in usa are highly sought after and can lead to rewarding careers.

I recall speaking with graduates from the University of Puerto Rico, who shared their experiences working in supply chain management for major retailers, overseeing the movement of goods from warehouses to stores. They expressed a sense of pride and fulfillment in knowing that their work was crucial to the success of the company. Similarly, graduates from the University of Guam have gone on to work in logistics and transportation management, coordinating the movement of goods and products across the Pacific. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the average annual wage of logisticians in the US was $81,220 in 2022, making it a lucrative and rewarding career path. Many Logistics graduates in the USA Territories have also pursued certifications and professional development opportunities to advance their careers andincrease their earning potential, with some going on to work in senior management roles or starting their own logistics consulting firms, which is a common trend in usa logistics career paths.

For those interested in exploring more high-paying career options, top-paying jobs with a bachelor’s degree can provide valuable insights and information on the best career paths to pursue.

What is the job market For Logistics degree graduates in the USA Territories ?

The job market for logistics graduates in the USA Territories is highly promising, with a wide range of career opportunities available in various industries. According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median annual salary for logisticians in the United States is approximately $79,400, and the employment of logisticians is expected to grow by 19% from 2023 to 2033, resulting in around 26,100 job openings each year. The logistics job market in USA Territories is particularly strong, with many companies seeking skilled professionals to manage their supply chains and logistics operations.

Some individuals currently working in the logistics field in the USA Territories have reported feeling a sense of excitement and fulfillment in their roles, citing the constant evolution of the field and the opportunities for specialization and advancement. For example, a logistics coordinator in the USA Territories recalled feeling a sense of pride and accomplishment when they successfully streamlined a company's supply chain, resulting in significant cost savings and improved efficiency. Many logistics professionals in the USA Territories have reported feeling a sense of stability and security in their careers, citing the growing demand for logistics services and the constant need for efficient and effective management of goods and materials.

The key industries for logisticians in the USA Territories include the federal government, manufacturing, business management, transportation management, operations research, and supply chain management. These industries offer a range of job prospects for graduates, with roles such as logistics analyst, logistics engineer, consultant, and supply chain manager being in high demand. Additionally, roles such as inventory analysts, logistics coordinators, and production, planning, and expediting clerks are also in demand, with median salaries ranging from $46,899 to $59,753 per year. With so many career opportunities for logisticsgraduates in USA, it's an exciting time to be entering the field.

Many logistics professionals in the USA Territories have reported feeling a sense of stability and security in their careers, citing the growing demand for logistics services and the constant need for efficient and effective management of goods and materials. As one logistics engineer in the USA Territories noted, "The field of logistics is always evolving, and there are always new challenges and opportunities to tackle. I feel like I'm making a real difference in my company and in the industry as a whole." For those interested in pursuing a career in a related field, such as criminal justice, there are many reputable online programs available, including reputable online criminal justice schools. With the demand for logistics professionals driven by the need for efficient and effective management of goods and materials, it is likely that the field will continue to grow and offer exciting opportunities for graduates in the USA Territories.