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Choosing a career in health science in the U.S. can feel overwhelming, especially when trying to find reliable information on salaries and job growth. As an expert in career planning, I know that accurate data is often scattered across various sources, making it hard to get a clear picture.
Many sources can be misleading, and understanding the true earning potential of a career requires looking at more than just a single number. This guide is designed to help you make informed decisions about your educational path and future career by providing well-researched information.
What are the benefits of getting a health science degree?
Career Versatility: A health science degree provides a broad foundation, opening up various career pathways in both clinical and non-clinical roles, from patient care to administration, research, and public health.
Earning Potential: The degree is a stepping stone to some of the highest-paying careers in the U.S. As of 2025, professionals with advanced health science degrees often command six-figure salaries.
High Job Growth: The healthcare industry is experiencing significant growth, with a high demand for skilled professionals in many fields, which offers greater job security and abundant opportunities.
What can I expect from a health science degree program?
Rigorous Curriculum: Expect a demanding curriculum that covers foundational sciences like human anatomy and physiology, chemistry, and biology, as well as specialized topics related to public health, research methods, and healthcare administration.
Clinical and Hands-On Experience: Programs often require or recommend hands-on experience through clinical rotations, internships, and laboratory work to prepare students for real-world scenarios.
Focus on Communication and Ethics: The curriculum emphasizes effective communication skills for interacting with patients and colleagues, as well as a strong focus on professional ethics and compliance in healthcare.
Interdisciplinary Learning: The degree often incorporates knowledge from various disciplines, including sociology, psychology, and statistics, to provide a holistic understanding of health and wellness.
Preparation for Graduate School: The degree is designed to serve as a strong pre-professional track for a range of graduate programs, including medicine (MD/DO), physical therapy (DPT), and physician assistant studies (PA).
Where can I work with a health science degree?
Hospitals and Clinics: Work in traditional healthcare settings in roles such as a registered nurse, physical therapist, or medical and health services manager.
Government Agencies: Opportunities exist at agencies like the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) or the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in roles like epidemiologist or public health analyst.
Pharmaceutical and Biotech Companies: Professionals can work in research and development, clinical trials, or as medical science liaisons.
Academic and Research Institutions: Contribute to scientific discovery and health-related studies in a university or private research lab setting.
Corporate and Private Companies: Apply your skills in occupational health and safety, corporate wellness programs, or healthcare consulting for various industries.
How much can I make with a health science degree?
Bachelor's Level Roles: Entry-level positions for those with a bachelor's degree typically offer median salaries ranging from $58,780 for a clinical laboratory technologist to over $110,680 for a medical and health services manager.
Master's-Level Roles: With a master's degree, salaries significantly increase. For example, a physician assistant can earn a median of over $130,020, while a nurse practitioner's median salary is around $129,480.
Doctoral and Professional Roles: Careers requiring a doctoral degree or extensive professional training are among the highest paying in the U.S. A physician's median salary is over $239,200, and a pharmacist earns a median of $136,030 as of 2025.
Health science is an interdisciplinary field that applies scientific principles to maintain and improve human health, encompassing a wide range of professions from direct patient care to research and administration. This broad scope includes the study of disease, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention, as well as the management of healthcare systems and technology.
Health science jobs continue to be one of the most lucrative and impactful career fields, offering a wide range of high-paying roles across clinical, research, and administrative domains. From advanced practice providers to biomedical innovators, these careers combine strong earning potential with meaningful contributions to public health and patient care.
Anesthesiologist
Physicians who administer anesthesia and manage patients' vital functions during procedures.
Median Salary: >$457,500
Leading Programs: Harvard Medical School, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Program Duration: 4 years medical school + 4-year residency
Biomedical Engineer
Professionals who are into biomedical engineering specialties generally design medical devices, equipment, and software using engineering principles and materials technology.
Median Salary: $99,550
Leading Programs: Johns Hopkins University, Georgia Institute of Technology
Program Duration: 4 years (Bachelor's degree)
Family Medicine Physician
Doctors who provide comprehensive primary care across all ages and conditions, often serving as the first point of contact.
Median Salary: $229,130
Leading Programs: University of North Carolina, University of Washington
Program Duration: 4 years medical school + 3-year residency
Genetic Counselor
Healthcare professionals who assess genetic risks and provide support to patients and providers regarding inherited conditions.
Median Salary: $86,510
Leading Programs: Sarah Lawrence College, Northwestern University
Program Duration: 21–24 months (Master's degree)
Health Services Manager (Hospital Executive)
Administrators who plan, direct, and coordinate medical services across facilities or departments.
Median Salary: $110,680 (top 10% >$220,380)
Leading Programs: University of Michigan, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
Program Duration: 24 months (Master's degree)
Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA)
Advanced practice nurses who administer anesthesia and manage patient care throughout surgical procedures.
Median Salary: $212,650
Leading Programs: Virginia Commonwealth University, Johns Hopkins University
Program Duration: 36 months (after BSN and critical care experience)
Nurse Practitioner (NP)
Primary and specialty care providers who diagnose, treat, and prescribe medications across various specialties.
Median Salary: $126,260
Leading Programs: Duke University, University of California-San Francisco
Program Duration: 24–36 months (Master's degree)
Obstetrician/Gynecologist (OB/GYN)
Doctors who specialize in pregnancy, childbirth, and female reproductive health, including surgical care.
Median Salary: >$457,500
Leading Programs: Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital
Program Duration: 4 years medical school + 4-year residency
Occupational Therapist (OT)
Therapists who help patients regain or improve daily living and working skills through therapeutic activities. Check out the highest paying OT specialties in a separate article.
Median Salary: $96,370
Leading Programs: Washington University in St. Louis, Boston University
Program Duration: 2–3 years (Master's or Clinical Doctorate)
Optometrist
Vision care professionals who diagnose and treat eye conditions, prescribe corrective lenses and medications.
Median Salary: $137,530
Leading Programs: Ohio State University, UC Berkeley
Program Duration: 4 years (Professional Doctorate)
Perfusionist
Specialists who operate heart-lung machines during cardiac surgeries, managing patient physiology.
Median Salary: ~$150,000 (Varies)
Leading Programs: Medical University of South Carolina, Texas Heart Institute
Program Duration: 18–24 months (Certificate or Master's degree)
Pharmaceutical Project Manager
Leads drug and device development projects, overseeing timelines, budgets, and cross-functional teams.
Median Salary: ~$125,000 (Varies)
Leading Programs: Northeastern University, University of Pennsylvania – Wharton
Program Duration: 18–24 months (Master's degree)
Pharmacist
Dispenses medications and advises on their safe use, interactions, and side effects.
Median Salary: $136,030
Leading Programs: UC San Francisco, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Program Duration: 4 years (Professional Doctorate)
Physical Therapist (PT)
Helps patients recover mobility and manage pain through rehabilitation and preventative care.
Median Salary: $99,710
Leading Programs: University of Southern California, University of Delaware
Program Duration: 3 years (Clinical Doctorate)
Physician Assistant (PA)
Diagnoses illnesses, develops treatment plans, and prescribes medications under physician supervision.
Median Salary: $130,020
Leading Programs: Duke University, University of Iowa
Program Duration: 24–27 months (Master's degree)
Podiatrist
Treats foot, ankle, and leg conditions, including surgery and disease management.
Median Salary: $148,720
Leading Programs: Temple University, Kent State University
Program Duration: 4 years (Professional Doctorate) + 3-year residency
Psychiatrist
Medical doctors specializing in mental health and substance use disorders, qualified to prescribe medication.
Median Salary: $256,930
Leading Programs: Yale School of Medicine, Columbia University
Program Duration: 4 years medical school + 4-year residency
Radiation Therapist
Delivers targeted radiation treatments for cancer and other diseases using advanced equipment.
Median Salary: $94,200
Leading Programs: MD Anderson Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University
Program Duration: 2–4 years (Associate's or Bachelor's degree)
Speech-Language Pathologist
Diagnoses and treats communication and swallowing disorders across age groups.
Median Salary: $84,140
Leading Programs: Vanderbilt University, University of Iowa
Program Duration: 2 years (Master's degree)
Surgeon
Performs operations to treat injuries, diseases, and deformities, often specializing in complex procedures.
Median Salary: >$457,500
Leading Programs: UPenn (Perelman School of Medicine), Massachusetts General Hospital
Program Duration: 4 years medical school + 5–7 year residency
These salaries are summarized in the graph below.
Whether you're drawn to clinical care, cutting-edge research, or healthcare leadership, the highest-paying jobs in health science offer both financial reward and the chance to make a lasting impact.
What are the career opportunities for graduates with a health science degree?
A health science degree prepares graduates for a wide range of career opportunities across various sectors of the growing healthcare industry, from patient-focused roles to administrative and research positions.
Healthcare Administration and Management: Professionals in this field oversee the daily operations of healthcare facilities, including managing staff, budgets, and ensuring compliance with regulations. If you want to know how much does a health administrator make, check out our separate article on the topic.
Clinical Research Coordinator: Individuals in this role manage clinical trials and research studies to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of new treatments and medications.
Public Health Specialist: These professionals work to improve the health of communities by designing and implementing public health initiatives, analyzing health data, and informing policy decisions.
Health Educator: Health educators teach people about wellness, disease prevention, and healthy behaviors in settings such as schools, community centers, and hospitals.
Medical Laboratory Technologist: These technologists perform tests on blood, tissues, and other bodily fluids to help diagnose, treat, and prevent diseases.
Healthcare Informatics Specialist: Professionals in this role manage and analyze healthcare data to improve patient outcomes and enhance operational efficiency within health systems. It is notable that health informatics careers have become quite popular among IT or nursing professionals who want to augment their skills.
Rehabilitation Sciences: This field includes roles such as occupational therapy assistants, who help patients regain skills for daily living, and physical therapy assistants, who support mobility and pain management.
Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Sales: Graduates in this field promote and sell healthcare products to medical professionals and facilities.
Respiratory Therapist: These specialists assist patients with cardiopulmonary disorders, providing both emergency care and long-term support for breathing difficulties.
Diagnostic Medical Sonographer: Professionals in this role use imaging equipment to create internal body images that assist physicians in diagnosis.
Occupational Health and Safety Specialist: These specialists ensure safe and healthy workplace environments by inspecting facilities and recommending safety protocols.
Medical and Health Services Manager: Managers oversee healthcare facilities or specific departments, handling administrative and operational responsibilities.
Graduates can pursue opportunities in hospitals, research institutions, government agencies, pharmaceutical companies, and nonprofit organizations. This degree serves as a strong foundation for both immediate employment and further specialized study in a wide variety of advanced programs.
In July 2025, the U.S. healthcare sector added 55,000 jobs, well above the 12-month average of 42,000. Ambulatory health care services led with 34,000 new positions, hospitals added 16,000, and nursing and residential care facilities gained 6,000. This steady growth, shown in the graphic below, reflects rising demand across key sub-sectors and highlights healthcare’s role as a resilient and expanding driver of employment.
What are some alternative career paths for health science majors?
A health science degree provides a broad foundation that can lead to many alternative career paths beyond direct patient care. These options for health science jobs often leverage a graduate's understanding of the healthcare system, public health principles, and medical terminology in a non-clinical setting.
Biostatistician: These professionals apply statistical methods to medical and public health data to design studies, analyze trends, and draw conclusions about disease and health outcomes.
Clinical Research Coordinator: This position is responsible for managing the day-to-day operations of clinical trials. They work with patients, collect data, and ensure that the study adheres to strict protocols and regulations.
Epidemiologist: These scientists investigate the patterns and causes of disease and injury in human populations. They work to identify risk factors and recommend public health interventions to prevent and control health problems.
Genetic Counselor: Genetic counselors help individuals and families understand and navigate genetic conditions. They interpret genetic test results and provide guidance and emotional support.
Health Educator: These professionals teach people about behaviors that promote wellness. They develop and implement educational programs and campaigns in various settings, such as hospitals, schools, and non-profits.
Health Informatics Specialist: This field combines healthcare and technology. Specialists manage patient data, develop information systems, and use data analytics to improve healthcare delivery and patient outcomes.
Healthcare Compliance Officer: These officers ensure that a healthcare organization adheres to legal and ethical standards, as well as internal policies. They are responsible for preventing fraud and abuse and maintaining patient privacy.
Hospital Administrator: Also known as a Medical and Health Services Manager, this role involves managing the daily business operations of a hospital or clinic. They are responsible for finances, staffing, and long-term planning.
Medical Sales Representative: These representatives promote and sell medical products, equipment, and pharmaceuticals to healthcare professionals, clinics, and hospitals.
Medical Writer: Professionals in this field create and edit scientific and medical documents. They write for a variety of audiences, including researchers, physicians, and the general public.
Occupational Health Specialist: These specialists work to ensure a safe and healthy environment for employees in the workplace. They identify potential hazards and create programs to prevent injuries and illnesses.
Patient Advocate: Patient advocates work to help patients navigate the complex healthcare system. They help with understanding diagnoses, securing services, and communicating with healthcare providers.
Pharmaceutical Project Manager: These managers oversee the development of new drugs and therapies, ensuring that projects are completed on time and within budget, from initial research to clinical trials and approval.
Public Health Analyst: These analysts use data to evaluate the effectiveness of public health programs and policies. They identify health trends and use their findings to improve community health initiatives. The cheapest online public health degree programs are worth a look if this is your area of interest.
Wellness Coach: Wellness coaches work one-on-one with clients to help them achieve their health goals. They provide guidance, motivation, and support related to diet, exercise, and stress management.
These diverse roles demonstrate the versatility of a health science degree. They allow graduates to apply their knowledge of healthcare in a range of settings and contribute to the industry in impactful ways beyond direct patient care.
How do the various health science disciplines differ?
The broad field of health science is composed of various disciplines, each with its own unique focus, providing a wide array of career options. The main differences are in the areas of focus and the role within patient care or research in health science jobs.
Allied Health: A broad category that includes specialized roles supporting patient care, such as dental hygienists, radiologic technologists, and dietitians.
Biomedical Sciences: Focuses on the science behind human health and disease, often through lab research and the development of new treatments and medical technologies.
Biostatistics: Applies statistical methods to biological and health-related data, essential for designing clinical trials and analyzing public health trends.
Clinical Psychology: Concerned with the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of psychological disorders.
Health Administration: A non-clinical discipline centered on the business and management side of healthcare, including operations, finance, and policy implementation. Several accelerated healthcare administration degree online programs may be good for those leveling up to administrative roles.
Health Informatics: Merges healthcare with technology, focusing on managing, analyzing, and securing patient data and electronic health records.
Kinesiology: Scientifically studies human body movement, forming the foundation for careers in physical therapy, exercise physiology, and sports medicine.
Medical Physics: Applies physics principles to medicine, especially in imaging, radiation oncology, and nuclear medicine.
Medicine: Focused on diagnosing, treating, and preventing disease in individuals through direct patient care, such as being a physician or surgeon.
Public Health: Concentrates on the health of entire populations, involving epidemiology, health policy, and community-wide education to prevent disease and promote well-being.
Therapeutic Services: Dedicated to helping patients recover or manage physical and mental conditions through hands-on care, such as physical or occupational therapy.
While some disciplines are directly involved in patient care, others work in administrative, research, or public-facing roles to improve health outcomes on a larger scale. The choice of discipline often determines the day-to-day responsibilities, work environment, and educational requirements of a career.
What are some specializations within health science?
Within the health science field, there are many opportunities to specialize, allowing professionals to focus on a specific area of interest and develop advanced expertise.
Biomedical Engineering: Combines engineering principles with medical science to design and develop medical devices, equipment, and software.
Epidemiology: Focuses on studying the patterns, causes, and effects of diseases in populations, essential for public health and disease control.
Genetics: Specializes in genetic research and counseling to help individuals and families understand inherited disease risks.
Gerontology: Explores the health, social, and economic aspects of aging, preparing students for careers in elder care and policy. Careers in gerontology are booming due to the rapidly ageing population in the USA.
Health and Wellness Services: Designed for those interested in health promotion, wellness programming, and roles in non-profit or occupational therapy settings.
Health Education: Trains individuals to create and implement programs that promote health and well-being across communities.
Leadership and Policy: Prepares students for administrative and policy-making roles in healthcare, with emphasis on management, finance, and informatics.
Medical Dosimetry: Involves calculating and planning precise radiation doses for cancer treatment.
Neuroscience: Dedicated to the study of the nervous system, brain function, and neurological disorders.
Nutrition and Dietetics: Prepares professionals to advise on dietary habits and create personalized nutrition plans.
Pre-Professional: A common track for students aiming to enter graduate programs in medicine, dentistry, or pharmacy.
Public Health Nursing: Focuses on community-level care, public health education, and implementing health interventions.
Rehabilitation Sciences: Centers on careers like physical therapy, occupational therapy, and orthotics/prosthetics to help patients regain mobility and function.
These specializations allow students to tailor their education to their specific career goals and target health science jobs, often serving as a stepping stone to more advanced and highly focused graduate programs.
What internship and research opportunities are available in health science?
Internships and research opportunities are critical for health science students to gain practical experience and make connections within the industry. These experiences can often be found at a variety of institutions and organizations.
American Medical Student Association (AMSA) International Health Opportunities: The American Medical Student Association or AMSA provides a directory of clinical experiences, including observerships for pre-medical students.
Camp Cardiac and Camp Neuro: Run by local medical students, these programs introduce high school students to careers in medicine.
CVS Health Internships: Offers internships in pharmacy, healthcare operations, dietetics, and nursing for undergraduate and master’s students.
FDA Summer Student Program: Provides students with hands-on research experience related to food and drug safety.
Hospital and Clinic Internships: Local hospitals and private clinics offer shadowing and administrative opportunities for students.
Mayo Clinic Internships: Offers a range of internships in biomedical statistics, informatics, clinical exercise physiology, and engineering.
NIH Summer Internship Program in Biomedical Research: Allows students to work alongside leading scientists at the National Institutes of Health.
Non-profit Organizations: Groups like the American Heart Association and Planned Parenthood offer internships in education, outreach, and research.
Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Companies: Provide co-op and internship programs across departments such as research, sales, and marketing.
Public Health Student Intern Program (PHSIP): A one-semester rotation offered by the Health Resources and Services Administration in various bureaus and offices.
University-based Research: Enables students to collaborate with professors and graduate students on lab-based studies and clinical trials.
Participating in these opportunities is essential for gaining hands-on skills, building a professional network, and strengthening applications for graduate school or future jobs.
Which universities offer top-ranked health science programs?
Several universities are recognized for offering excellent health science programs, providing students with high-quality education and valuable resources. If you want to study online, make sure the degree you choose is included in this list of accredited online degree programs.
Brown University: This Ivy League university offers strong interdisciplinary health science programs.
Columbia University: Offers a variety of health science and public health programs, including an opportunity to earn a combined MD-MPH degree.
Duke University: A private institution known for its highly competitive medical and health science programs and a strong research focus.
Johns Hopkins University: Known for its top-ranked public health and medical programs, offering extensive research opportunities.
Stanford University: Offers highly competitive health science programs with a focus on groundbreaking research and a well-connected alumni network.
University of California System: Institutions like UCLA and UC Berkeley are known for their competitive programs, research depth, and clinical training.
University of Florida: Provides a top-ranked program with strong ties to its academic health center, UF Health, and various research opportunities.
University of Michigan: Consistently ranked among the top public universities, with strong programs that combine academic excellence with clinical partnerships.
University of North Carolina System: This system offers accredited health science degrees with a focus on research and clinical training through partnerships with major hospitals.
University of Texas System: Includes top-tier schools that provide access to world-class research centers and teaching hospitals.
University of Washington: Known for its robust public health and global health programs.
Yale University: A leader in health sciences with a strong reputation for academic rigor and research.
Choosing a university with a top-ranked health science program can provide students with access to state-of-the-art facilities, renowned faculty, and extensive networking opportunities to support their career goals.
Which Additional Certifications Can Boost Career Growth in Health Science?
Continuous professional development can be a key differentiator in the competitive health science sector. Pursuing specialized certifications helps professionals validate their expertise, adapt to rapid technological changes, and meet evolving regulatory demands. Targeted programs, including affordable medical billing and coding certification courses, provide practical skills and credibility that can open doors to advanced roles and higher compensation.
What are the biggest challenges faced by students pursuing a health science degree?
Pursuing a degree in health science can be a demanding and challenging journey for students due to the rigorous curriculum and competitive nature of the field.
Credentialing and Licensing: Many health-related careers require passing board exams and obtaining specific licenses, which can add stress and financial burden.
Demanding Coursework: Classes like anatomy, physiology, and organic chemistry are often rigorous and require discipline and perseverance.
Emotional Stress: The fast-paced, high-stakes nature of healthcare can be mentally and emotionally demanding, requiring strong coping skills.
Ethical Dilemmas: Students may encounter complex ethical situations in clinical settings, requiring maturity and sound judgment to navigate patient care responsibly.
Financial Investment: Pursuing a degree in health science can be costly, especially when factoring in graduate school expenses.
Gaining Experience: Securing volunteer hours, internships, and clinical experience to be competitive for graduate programs can be time-consuming and challenging.
High Competition: Admission to graduate programs like medical, dental, or physical therapy schools is highly competitive.
Information Overload: The volume of material in health science programs can be overwhelming, requiring strong study strategies and mental endurance.
Navigating Career Paths: The wide range of specializations can make it difficult for students to choose a specific career path without proper guidance.
Staying Current: The medical field evolves rapidly, requiring students to engage in lifelong learning to keep up with new research and technologies.
Time Management: Health science majors often juggle demanding coursework, lab work, clinical rotations, and extracurriculars.
Work-Life Balance: Balancing academic demands with personal life can be difficult, especially during clinical rotations or exam seasons.
By 2028, the U.S. is projected to face a shortage of 100,000 healthcare workers, including a deficit of 73,000 nurse assistants, with only 13 states expected to meet future NA demand. Although a national surplus of 28,000 physicians is forecast, states like California (-2,580), Texas (-2,830), and New York (-2,706) are expected to experience significant physician shortfalls.
These figures, shown in the graphic below, highlight a growing imbalance in workforce distribution, where national surpluses mask acute regional gaps. Ensuring equitable access to care will require targeted strategies to address these localized shortages.
Despite these challenges, overcoming them can lead to a rewarding career that offers a chance to make a positive impact on the world.
What are the biggest opportunities for students pursuing a health science degree?
A health science degree offers students a wealth of opportunities for personal growth and career advancement.
Career Versatility: The degree provides a broad foundation that allows students to pivot between different career paths, from clinical to administrative roles, and various health science jobs without having to start over.
Community Impact: The field offers a unique opportunity to contribute directly to public well-being, whether by treating patients or working on large-scale public health initiatives.
Entrepreneurship: The growing market for health technology and wellness offers opportunities to start new businesses in areas like mobile health apps, medical devices, or wellness coaching.
Global Health Initiatives: There are increasing opportunities to work on international public health challenges, such as disease outbreaks and health disparities in developing nations.
High Demand: Healthcare is a rapidly growing industry, ensuring a strong job market with numerous career opportunities.
High Earning Potential: Many careers in health science offer a competitive health science salary, especially with a graduate-level degree.
Increased Focus on Preventive Care: With a growing emphasis on wellness, there are many opportunities in health promotion and disease prevention outside of traditional clinical settings.
Interdisciplinary Collaboration: Health science professionals often work with experts from various fields, including data science, engineering, and policy, to solve complex problems.
Professional Development: The healthcare industry is dedicated to lifelong learning, with numerous opportunities for professional development and continuing education.
Research and Innovation: The field is constantly evolving, providing opportunities to participate in research that leads to new treatments and medical breakthroughs.
Technological Advancement: Students have the opportunity to work with cutting-edge technologies, such as medical imaging, robotics, and telemedicine.
The healthcare industry is growing and consistently in need of skilled professionals, which means that graduates will find numerous avenues to make a meaningful difference and enjoy a stable career.
Between 2024 and 2033, U.S. National Health Expenditures (NHE) are projected to grow at an average rate of 5.8%, outpacing GDP growth of 4.3%, and raising health spending’s share of GDP from 17.6% in 2023 to 20.3% by 2033. In 2024, NHE growth hit 8.2%, driven by increased service use and a high insured rate of 92.1%, despite a 7.9% drop in Medicaid enrollment (to 84.5 million) following the end of FFCRA’s continuous coverage provision.
By 2026, direct-purchase enrollment is expected to fall by 4.7 million (12.3%) due to the expiration of IRA’s enhanced subsidies and temporary SEP.
Overall, health spending continues to rise faster than the economy, while enrollment patterns shift in response to changing federal programs. These are shown in the graph below.
What are some current and future trends in the health science field?
The health science field is constantly evolving due to advancements in technology and shifting societal needs. The trends are shaping the future of medicine, patient care, and public health.
3D Printing: This technology is revolutionizing medical innovation by enabling the creation of custom prosthetics, surgical models, and even organ bioprinting.
Big Data Analytics: Healthcare organizations are using big data to analyze health trends, improve patient outcomes, and enhance operational efficiency.
Blockchain in Healthcare: Blockchain is being explored to secure patient records, streamline billing, and improve transparency in clinical trials and supply chains.
Cloud Computing: Healthcare companies are moving to cloud-based systems for data storage and application development, enhancing accessibility and scalability.
Digital Biomarkers: Wearables and mobile apps are increasingly used to collect physiological data that can serve as digital biomarkers for early disease detection and monitoring.
Digital Twins: Researchers are using digital replicas of biological systems to simulate drug effects and accelerate pharmaceutical research.
Focus on Health Equity: There is a growing movement to address social and economic factors that lead to health disparities and ensure equitable access to care.
Healthcare Cybersecurity: As patient records become increasingly digitized, there is a heightened focus on protecting sensitive health information from cyber threats.
Integration of AI in Healthcare: Artificial intelligence is being used to simplify diagnostics, analyze patient data, and streamline administrative tasks, boosting clinician productivity.
Internet of Medical Things (IoMT): Connected medical devices and wearable technology are collecting real-time patient data, transforming how healthcare is delivered and monitored.
Personalized Medicine: Medical treatments are being tailored to individual patients based on their unique genetic makeup and health data, leading to more effective care.
Robotic Surgery: The use of robotic systems is growing, allowing surgeons to operate with greater accuracy, control, and minimal invasiveness.
Telehealth and Remote Patient Monitoring: Virtual consultations and wearable devices are making healthcare more accessible and convenient for patients. Several online Masters in Clinical Psychology programs include these as hands-on clinical practice requirements.
Value-Based Care: There is a shift away from fee-for-service models toward systems that reward providers for improving patient outcomes and quality of care.
Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR): These technologies are being used for medical training, patient rehabilitation, and pain management.
These trends will continue to drive innovation in the health science field and create new opportunities for professionals with skills in technology and data analysis. The future of healthcare will be defined by a focus on personalized, accessible, and technologically advanced care.
Between 2020 and 2025, U.S. healthcare and social assistance revenue grew at a 4.0% CAGR, reaching an estimated $4.3 trillion, with a projected 2.3% increase in 2025, as shown in the graphic below. Providers face persistent labor shortages, rising wage pressures, and increased consolidation, while social assistance organizations struggle to meet growing demand.
Digital health, AI, and regulatory shifts are rapidly transforming care delivery, especially in densely populated regions like the Southeast. Despite challenges, the sector remains essential and continues to expand steadily.
Here's What Graduates Say About Their Health Science Degrees
Jenna: "Studying health science gave me the flexibility to explore both clinical and administrative paths before committing to public health. I now work on community wellness initiatives and feel proud knowing my work impacts thousands of lives. "
Marcus: "My degree in health science opened doors to cutting-edge research in neuroscience, and I got to assist in a lab studying brain recovery after trauma. The hands-on experience and mentorship I received were life-changing. "
Rachel: "As a first-gen college student, pursuing health science felt intimidating at first—but the interdisciplinary support and career options gave me confidence. I’m now preparing for physical therapy school with a solid foundation in anatomy and patient care."
Key Findings
Health Revenue Expansion: Between 2020 and 2025, U.S. healthcare and social assistance revenue grew at a 4.0% CAGR, reaching an estimated $4.3 trillion, with a projected 2.3% increase in 2025.
NHE Growth and Share of GDP: National Health Expenditures (NHE) are projected to outpace GDP growth, with average NHE growth of 5.8% compared to average GDP growth of 4.3% from 2024 to 2033, which is expected to increase health spending's share of GDP from 17.6% in 2023 to 20.3% by 2033.
Healthcare Job Gains: The U.S. healthcare sector demonstrated robust job growth in July 2025 by adding 55,000 jobs, well above the prior 12-month average of 42,000, with significant gains in ambulatory health care services (+34,000), hospitals (+16,000), and nursing and residential care facilities (+6,000).
Projected Workforce Shortages: By 2028, the U.S. is projected to face a critical shortage of 100,000 healthcare workers, including a 73,000 deficit of nurse assistants, and while a national surplus of 28,000 physicians is forecast, states like California (-2,580), Texas (-2,830), and New York (-2,706) are expected to experience significant physician shortfalls.
Entry-Level Salaries: Radiation therapists earn a median $94,200; physical therapists earn $99,710. Radiation therapists typically hold a bachelor's degree, while physical therapists hold a doctoral degree. Both roles have strong demand in healthcare.
Mid-Level Salaries: Health services managers (master's degree) earn a median $110,680, with the top 10% making over $220,380. Pharmacists earn a median $136,030, reflecting advanced expertise.
Top-Tier Salaries: Family medicine physicians earn a median $229,130 and psychiatrists $256,930. Surgeons and anesthesiologists command the highest median salaries, exceeding $457,500, due to specialization and high responsibility.
References:
American Hospital Association. (2024, September 10). 5 health care workforce shortage takeaways for 2028. AHA Center for Health Innovation.
Brocker, M. (2025, August). Healthcare and Social Assistance in the US – Market Research Report (2015–2030). IBISWorld.
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Other Things You Should Know About Health Science Degrees
Do health science majors get into medical school?
Health science is a popular and viable major for students applying to medical school, and it offers a strong foundation in the required sciences. While many assume biology or chemistry are the only competitive paths, medical schools prioritize completion of prerequisites, a high GPA, and strong MCAT scores over specific majors.
According to the AAMC, acceptance rates for health science majors are comparable to—and sometimes higher than—those of other science disciplines. Though biological sciences produce the most applicants, fields like humanities, physical sciences, and math often yield higher acceptance percentages, reflecting a growing emphasis on academic diversity and well-rounded candidates.
What are some paid research opportunities for undergraduate health science students?
Undergraduate health science students have access to a range of paid research opportunities through federal agencies, universities, and private organizations. One prominent option is the NIH Summer Internship Program in Biomedical Research (SIP), which allows students to participate in funded research projects at the National Institutes of Health. Many universities also offer summer research programs with stipends, enabling students to collaborate directly with faculty on academic projects.
Beyond institutional programs, students may secure paid roles through faculty with grant funding or participate in co-op programs that alternate between coursework and paid research experience. These opportunities not only provide practical skills and resume-building experience but also help students earn strong recommendations for graduate school or future careers.
What is personalized medicine?
Personalized medicine, or precision medicine, is a modern healthcare approach that customizes treatment based on an individual's genetic makeup and lifestyle. Unlike traditional methods that often rely on trial and error, this model aims to identify the most effective therapies for each patient, improving outcomes and minimizing unnecessary interventions.
Its use is expanding rapidly, particularly in oncology, where analyzing tumor genetics helps doctors choose targeted treatments with fewer side effects. This shift demands close collaboration among clinicians, geneticists, data scientists, and ethicists to manage and apply complex biological data. As personalized medicine evolves, it continues to redefine how care is delivered and tailored to individual needs.